Ring-opening, as well as binding reactions, finally produce a variety of compounds. The metabolic pathways are mainly hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, demethylation, and lactones. The metabolism of coumarins requires the participation of a large number of biological enzymes. Metabolic reactions are catalyzed by cytochrome P450. Drug Metabolism Coumarin is easily absorbed after entering the body. The acenocoumarol t1 / 2 is 8 hours, and the reduced metabolites still have anticoagulant effects, and t1 / 2 is 20 hours. The binding rate to plasma proteins is 90% to 99%. Metabolized mainly in the liver and kidneys. Warfarin is completely absorbed orally and can be detected in plasma after 1 hour, reaching a peak in 2-8 hours. In vivo processes Coumarin and coumarin compounds can be quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and distributed in the body after oral administration. Warfarin appears rapidly, lasting 2 to 5 days.

The anticoagulant effect of dicoumarin is slow and long lasting for 4-7 days. The anticoagulant effect can be maintained for several days after drug withdrawal. It usually takes 8 to 12 hours for it to take effect and reach its peak in 1 to 3 days. There is no inhibitory effect on the above factors that have been formed, so the anticoagulant effect appears slowly. Pharmacological effects Coumarins are vitamin K antagonists that inhibit the conversion of vitamin K from epoxides to hydroquinones in the liver, thereby preventing the repeated use of vitamin K and affecting coagulation factors, ,, containing glutamic acid residues The carboxylation of these factors causes these factors to stay in the precursor stage without coagulation activity, thereby affecting the coagulation process. Their pharmacological effects are basically the same. Common Coumarin Drugs Common coumarins are dicoumarol, warfarin (benzylacetone coumarin), and acenocoumarol (new anticoagulant). Artemisinin (scoparon) is the main active ingredient of the crude drug Chenhaoping for liver choleretic and smooth muscle relaxation. Begonia lactone (calophylloide) has a strong anticoagulant effect. Osthole is a coumarin-based active ingredient derived from the seeds of Cnidium and Angelica sinensis, and has pharmacological activity to inhibit hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Such as psoralen (psolalen) has a photoactive activity for the treatment of white spot disease. , Asteraceae, Rutaeaceae, Solanaceae, Ruixiangaceae, Orchidaceae and other plants. The core structure of this class of compounds includes simple coumarins, furanocoumarins, and pyrancoumarins, which are an important class of active ingredients in crude drugs, mainly distributed in the umbelliferae and leguminous families. Classification Coumarin compounds are lactones of o-hydroxycinnamic acid and have an aromatic odor. In the vacuoles of these plants, coumaric acid mainly exists in the form of non-fragrance glycosides, which are contacted with glucosidase due to drying, grinding, etc., but coumarins are closed-looped and hydrolyzed at the same time to release aroma. Plantain, Tonkabean, cherry tree, vanilla, etc., all belong to this plant. Source Plants containing coumarin or coumarin. They are administered orally to participate in metabolism in the body to exert anticoagulant effects, so they are called oral anticoagulants. Coumarins are a class of substances that contain the basic structure of 4-hydroxycoumarin. One more important coagulation drug is provided. After realizing that this kind of substance has anticoagulant effect, it led to the research and synthesis of coumarin drugs. Introduction Coumarin was discovered in the process of ranching livestock caused by internal bleeding caused by anticoagulation. Drug Name Coumarins Alias Oxanthone and coumarol Foreign name coumarin Main indications Inhibit the synthesis of coagulation factors in the liver Adverse reactions Overdose is prone to bleeding Main medication contraindications Contraindications are the same as heparin. They are known as oral anticoagulants because they take part in metabolism in the body to exert anticoagulant effects.

They are known as oral anticoagulants because they take part in metabolism in the body to exert anticoagulant effects.Ĭoumarins are a class of substances that contain the basic structure of 4-hydroxycoumarin.

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